24.3+Nomenclature+of+Coordination+Chemistry

Ch. 24.3 Nomenclature of Coordination Chemistry
__metal complexes__: a central metal ion bonded to a group of surrounding molecules or atoms __ligands__: molecules/ions that bond to metal ions in complexes
 * Background Knowledge:**

Metal complexes used to be named after the chemist who first created the complex. For example, NH4[Cr(NH3)2(NCS)4] was called Reinecke's salt. 1. When naming metal complexes the name of the cation comes before the name of the anion. 2. Ligands are named before the metal 3. Anionic ligands have the root of the element and end with the letter "o" while neutral ligands are just the name of the molecule. 4. Add Greek prefixes (di-, tri-, ...) to indicate the number of each ligand. 5. If the complex is an anion then it ends in -ate. 6. The oxidation number of the metal is given in parentheses using Roman numerals.
 * Naming Rules:**
 * ligands are listed in alphabetical order (prefixes do not apply when ordering)
 * there are some special cases to this step such as H2O which is called aqua in metal complexes (see "special cases" section)
 * if the ligand already has a prefix then use the prefixes bis-, tris-,... and use parentheses (see examples)

When the ligand already has a prefix, to indicate the number use the prefixes: bis- (2), tris- (3), tetrakis- (4), pentakis- (5), and hexakis- (6)
 * Alternate Prefixes:**


 * Useful Tables and Special Cases:**

[Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 -> Pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) Chloride
 * **Name of Metal** || **Name in an Anionic Complex** ||
 * Iron || Ferrate ||
 * Copper || Cuprate ||
 * Lead || Plumbate ||
 * Silver || Argenate ||
 * Gold || Aurate ||
 * Tin || Stannate ||
 * Examples:[[image:https://www.glastonburyus.org/staff/MullenR/PublishingImages/Science_cartoon.jpg width="233" height="328" align="right"]]**
 * Cation contains metal and ligands

Na2[MoOCl4] -> Sodium Tetrachlorooxomolybdate(IV)
 * Anion contains metal and ligands (ends in -ate)

[Ni(NH3)6]Br2 -> Hexaamminenickel(II) Bromide
 * Uses the special ligand name for NH3

[Co(en)2(H2O)(CN)]Cl2 -> Aquacyanobis(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) Chloride
 * Notice the use of the alternate prefix and the parentheses

K4[Ni(CN)4] -> Potassium Tetracyanonickelate(0)
 * Because the complex is an anion, the metal is indicated as nickelate(0)

[|Coordination Chemistry Nomenclature Video] [|Examples with Solutions] [|Review of Chemistry Nomenclature]
 * Links:**

Brown, Theodore L. and H. Eugene LeMay. //Chemistry: the Central Science//. 11th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2008. 1025-026. Print. "Nomenclature for Coordination Compounds." //Department of Chemistry//. Web. 20 Mar. 2011. .
 * References:**